Research Proposal

科普与写作指南

目录

• 1. 研究标题与目标
• 2. 研究背景与意义
• 3. 研究方法设计
• 4. 创新点与研究贡献
• 5. 可行性安排
• 6. 样本选择与数据收集
• 7. 伦理考虑
• 8. 研究提案写作指南

1. 研究标题与目标

Title of research:

An investigation into the barriers to and priorities for research development in health librarianship.

Objectives:

• To identify key barriers to and priorities for research development in health librarianship
• To administrate a national electronic survey to health librarians and information specialists in England, Scotland and Wales.

研究问题明确性：本提案的研究问题明确、聚焦，并具有实践意义。

2. 研究背景与意义

The question this study aims to answer is: What are the barriers to and priorities for research development in health librarianship? This question has been given minimal levels of consideration in the professional literature to date and is a question of importance for a number of reasons. There is now a growing literature base that recognises the need for librarians to engage more with research（这是一项对健康图书馆学研究发展障碍与优先事项的探索。该问题不仅明确，而且回应了文献中提及的健康图书馆员研究参与度低的问题）(Powell, Baker et al. 2002; Juznic and Urbanija 2003; Koufogiannakis and Slater 2004; Koufogiannakis and Crumley 2006).

Within the current context of health librarianship strategies are needed to engage with this more fully and in order to effectively address the associated issues that relate to improved decision making skills, evidence based practice, and the improvement of patient care. This is particularly pertinent in light of the recent Hill Report (Hill 2008, p35) which specifically recommends that "research to measure the impact of the application of best available evidence in decision making should continue to be pursued vigorously and routinely by health librarians, in partnership with researchers'.

Much of the work health librarians are involved with is directly linked to evidence based health practice, and evidence based medicine and research forms a substantial aspect of this (Eldredge 2000; Hill 2008). Whilst there is a demand on health professionals to justify and base their practice on robust research based evidence, there is little evidence that health librarians are engaging with this in relation to their own professional practice. Largely, their involvement with evidence based practice is linked directly to health practice rather than the practice of librarianship.

The lack of evidence based practice in librarianship jeopardises the credibility of health librarians in their involvement with evidence based health practice and it is widely reported that increased engagement with evidence based librarianship amongst the profession is becoming increasingly important. For health librarians to credibly support evidence based health practice / medicine it is arguable that the profession should be able to demonstrate evidence based practice in relation to its own professional practice (Eldredge 2000; Booth and Brice 2003; Grant 2003). This is particularly relevant since the end purpose of health librarianship is directly linked to the improvement of patient care (Hill 2008).

For health librarians to take a truly evidence based approach to their professional practice, increased engagement with research activities is necessary. At present however, there is little evidence that health librarians are engaging with research in relation to their own professional practice (Booth 2002; Booth and Brice 2003). Whilst some small pockets of active engagement exist, largely this remains a specialist interest area rather than something that is taken on board profession-wide (Booth 2002). Reluctance to conduct research in relation to health librarianship (rather than health practice) within the profession is widely documented (Booth 2002; Booth 2003). However, with the exception of a generic study (McNicol and Nankivell 2003) which aimed to survey librarians from all subject disciplines and which had poor coverage of health librarians, the reasons behind this have not as yet been fully investigated.

文献回顾：研究展示了充分的文献基础，明确了现有研究的不足。

3. 研究方法设计

The study by McNicol and Nankivell (2003) identified the LIS research agenda to be poorly organised and lacking in direction. It is expected that in carrying out this study a deeper understanding of the reluctance amongst health librarians to engage in research and other related issues they perceive create barriers to their engagement with research activity will be gained. The study will also aim to investigate what they feel are the priorities for research development to aid this current situation.

It is anticipated that from the data collected, a clearer and deeper understanding of the issues can be acquired. This will inform the development of a framework which will provide clarity and direction for the profession. Furthermore, it will make recommendations as to how best research development can be taken forward in the profession based on sound evidence derived from the population to which it concerns. The use of a large scale electronic web based survey method will help to acquire a valid data set which is expected to make a substantial and effective contribution to answering the research question. The results and recommendations will be widely disseminated through a variety of appropriate channels.

方法合理性：研究采用大规模电子问卷调查方法，能够有效获取代表性数据。

4. 创新点与研究贡献

创新点与研究贡献：研究具有填补文献空白与指导实践的潜力。

5. 可行性安排

可行性安排：Timeline + Budget + Limitations

6. 样本选择与数据收集

Please outline the proposed sample group, including any specific criteria:

The sample group will aim to include representation from eight identified areas of health librarianship:

• Senior strategic health librarians
• Clinical librarians
• Health library service managers
• Senior information strategy managers
• Academic health librarians
• Independent health librarians
• Research librarians
• Academics

The qualifying criteria required for inclusion in the survey will be health librarians and information specialists working in the above context areas, and who hold a professional LIS qualification (ie. degree level or above).

Describe how the proposed sample group will be formulated:

The study will aim to cover a wide sample group formulated from individuals working in the context areas identified above. Potential participants will be identified from LIS related JISCmail groups, professional directories, university LIS departments, special interest and professional groups, and cascades through senior managers and group Chairs.

Indicate clearly what the involvement of the sample group will be in the research process:

The involvement of the sample group in the study will extend to the completion of an electronic survey which will be sent via email.

方法设计：样本选择与数据收集方法明确具体，可操作性强。

7. 伦理考虑

Specify how the consent of participants will be obtained:

Consent will be gained from respondents immediately before participants complete the survey. An invitation email will be sent out to potential participants containing details about the study and a link to the survey. Consent will be obtained from respondents through the inclusion of a statement of consent which will be embedded at the beginning of the survey before the respondent commences with completion of their response. Upon accessing the survey link, respondents will be directed to read the statement of consent and offered the option to consent to their involvement in the study or not. Provided the participant opts to consent to their participation, the survey will then open for them to complete. From the time of sending out the invitation to participate and link to the survey, potential respondents will be given six weeks in which to complete the survey (with a reminder being sent out at three weeks), if they decide to do so after having read the statement of consent.

Indicate any potential risks to subjects and how you propose to minimise these:

Participation in this survey presents no potential risks to the participants. Participants and their organisations will not be named in subsequent write ups and material submitted for publication.

Describe the procedures you intend to follow in order to maintain the anonymity and confidentiality of the subjects:

The email addresses from which responses will be sent will be automatically removed by the survey software used (SurveyMonkey). The identity of respondents will therefore not be known to the researchers at the survey return stage. Participants and their organisations will not be named in subsequent write ups and material submitted for publication.

RESEARCH CONSENT FORM

Title of study
An investigation into the barriers to and priorities for research development in health librarianship

Please read and complete this form carefully. If you are willing to participate in this study, ring the appropriate responses and sign and date the declaration at the end. If you do not understand anything and would like more information, please ask.

I have had the research satisfactorily explained to me in written form by the researcher.
YES / NO

I understand that the research will involve:

• The completion of an electronic survey on the topic of research development issues in health librarianship.

YES / NO

I understand that I may withdraw from this study at any time without having to give an explanation.
YES / NO

I understand that all information about me will be treated in strict confidence and that I will not be named in any written work arising from this study
YES / NO

I understand that any data collected will be used solely for research purposes and will be erased on completion of your research.
YES / NO

I understand that the data will only be discussed within the research team
YES / NO

I understand that survey participants and their respective organisations will not be named in subsequent write ups and material submitted for publication
YES / NO

I freely give my consent to participate in this research study and have been given a copy of this form for my own information.

Signature: ...............................................................

Name (capital letters): ..................................................

Date: .....................................................................

Contact details: (include address, email and telephone number)
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Thank you for your interest in the study.

8. 研究提案写作指南

什么是 Research Proposal？

它是一份正式文书，用于说明你将在做什么研究、为什么重要、以及如何做。不只是想法，而是要说服导师或评审这个研究值得进行，并且你准备好了.

老师评分重点:

• 明确研究问题（Research Question）/假设（Hypothesis）：一至两句话说你要解决什么。
• 背景与文献回顾（Literature Review）：展示你对相关研究的熟悉，说明现有研究尚未解决什么问题。
• 方法设计（Methods）：说明你选取样本、收集数据、分析方法，并解释为什么这方法可行且合理.
• 创新点与研究贡献（Contribution）：你的研究能补充哪些空白？能带来什么新见解。
• 可行性安排（Timeline + Budget + Limitations）：研究多长时间做完？有什么风险？如何应对？

常见坑点：

1. 研究问题模糊 = 驱动力弱
2. 方法写混乱，不可复现
3. 没对接现有文献，只是个人想法
4. 不提时间或预算，提案不现实

实用技巧：

1. 用"If... then..."或研究问题式开头，直击核心。
2. 文献回顾用短句总结多个观点，再提出 gap，比如"虽然X说Y，但没人研究Z"。
3. 方法部分：谁、什么、怎么做都写清楚，比如"将采访30名本科生，采用半结构访谈，内容录音+三轮编码"。
4. 强调 contribution：如何挑战/补充已有理论？对实践政策有什么影响？
5. 撰写时间表，比如"第2--3月做数据收集，第4--5月分析，第6月写作"。

关键词+术语：

Research Question / Hypothesis / Literature Gap / Mixed Methods / Quantitative + Qualitative / Contribution to Knowledge / Timeline / Feasibility / Limitation

老师范文示例 ＋ 点评分析｜Research Proposal 进阶模板

我们特别挑选了一篇高分 Research Proposal，由老师亲自撰写，并配有详细点评，帮助你学会：

• 如何精准提出研究问题或假设，迅速切中主题
• 如何用前沿文献梳理研究背景，构建扎实基础
• 如何设计合理方法论，兼顾科学性与可行性
• 如何突出研究创新点，展示独到贡献与价值
• 如何呈现清晰时间线与预算安排，预判潜在限制

《An investigation into the barriers to and priorities for research development in health librarianship》高分范文 + 各部分点评分析（建议收藏）

每个段落都附有评分点讲解，助你从思路构建到写作表达全面进阶！

References

• Booth, A. (2002). "Mirage or reality." Health information and libraries journal 19(2): 56-58.
• Booth, A. (2003). "Bridging the research-practice gap: the role of evidence based librarianship." The New Review of Information and Library Research 9(1): 3-23.
• Booth, A. and A. Brice (2003). "Clear-cut?: facilitating health librarians to use information research in practice." Health information and libraries journal 20(S1): 45-52.
• Eldredge, J. D. (2000). "Evidence-based librarianship: an overview." Bulletin of the Medical Library Association 88(4): 289-302.
• Grant, M. L. (2003). "Journal clubs for continued professional development." Health information and libraries journal 20(1): 72-78.
• Hill, P. (2008). Report of a national review of NHS library services in England: from knowledge to health in the 21st century. Newcastle, Institute of Health and Society.
• Juznic, P. and J. Urbanija (2003). "Developing research skills in library and information studies." Library Management 274(6/7): 324-331.
• Koufogiannakis, D. and E. Crumley (2006). "Research in librarianship: issues to consider." Library Hi Tech 24(3): 324-340.
• Koufogiannakis, D. and L. Slater (2004). "A content analysis of librarianship research." Journal of Information Science 30(3): 227-239.
• McNicol, S. and C. Nankivell (2003). The LIS research landscape: a review and prognosis, Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals.
• Powell, R. R., L. M. Baker, et al. (2002). "Library and information science practitioners and research." Library and Information Science Research 24(1): 49-72.